Search by tag «Publication» 197 results

• Physicists Design New Nanoresonators With Giant Nonlinear Response

  An international research team has found a way to make frequency conversion of light at the nanoscale a hundred times more efficient. The new method is based on isolated dielectric nanoparticles supporting the so-called bound states in the continuum. Such states appear when radiating fields in the particle suppress each other, so that the electromagnetic energy inside the particle can be trapped. This prediction can be employed for a new generation of tiny frequency conversion devices, nanolasers. The research was published in Physical Review Letters on July 19, 2018 as a cover story.

  26.07.2018

• Innovative Method for Microcirculation Diagnosis Gives New Insights into Migraines

  Russian scientists developed a new optical method for non-invasive diagnosis of blood circulation in capillaries. The method is based on video recording of the skin surface with simultaneous registration of light absorption by red blood cells. Using this method, scientists found out that people suffering from migraines displayed malfunctions in capillary regulation. This technique can also be applied to studies of strokes and diabetes, as well as for monitoring blood circulation during brain surgeries. The results are published in The Journal of Headache and Pain.

  18.07.2018

• Scientists Describe Oxidants' Effect on Metal-Organic Frameworks for Drug Delivery

  A team of chemists-theoreticians modeled the interaction of a metal-organic framework (MOF) for drug delivery with oxidants. The model showed that the MOF is stable in water, but degrades in the presence of active forms of oxygen. As such oxidants emerge in inflammatory tissues, MOFs can be used in the design of systems for targeted delivery of anti-inflammatory agents. The research results were published in The Royal Society of Chemistry (PCCP) magazine.

  27.06.2018

• Scientists Taught Fluorescent Microscope to Automatically Adapt to Any Sample

  An international team of physicists found a new way to improve images obtained by fluorescence microscopy. The method is based on adaptive optics and implies an automatic correction of aberrations. Moreover, this correction is based on the quality of individual pixels, rather than the image as a whole. This helps avoid re-calibration of the microscope in case of changing the sample. As a result, microscopy can be significantly accelerated. The results are published in PLoS ONE.  

  07.05.2018

• Physicists Discover Way to Control Transitions Between States of Matter

  An international team of physicists has managed for the first time to experimentally observe a transition between two different states of matter: a propagating polariton-soliton and a Bose-Einstein condensate. Furthermore, the researchers developed a theoretical model to explain such transitions and found a way to “switch” between the different states by changing the laser pumping power in the polariton formation process. The results are published in Physical Review Letters.

  24.04.2018

• Physicists Propose New Mechanism of Radio Emission in Neutron Stars

  Young scientists from ITMO University have explained how neutron stars generate intense directed radio emission. They developed a model based on the transitions of particles between gravitational states, i.e. quantum states in gravitational field. The researchers were the first to describe such states for electrons on the surface of neutron stars. Physical parameters obtained with the developed model are consistent with real experimental observations. The results are published in The Astrophysical Journal.

  12.04.2018

• Scientists Invent Method of Catching Bacteria with ‘Photonic Hook’

  An international team of physicists has discovered a new type of curved light beams, dubbed a “photonic hook”. Photonic hooks are unique, as their radius of curvature is two times smaller than their wavelength. This is the first time that such a small curvature radius of electromagnetic waves has been recorded. A photonic hook can be used to improve the resolution of optical scanning systems, as well as to control the movement of nanoparticles, individual cells, viruses or bacteria. Results of this research were published in Optics Letters and Scientific Reports.

  16.03.2018

• ITMO Scientists Study Properties of Terahertz Gauss-Bessel Beams

  Scientists from ITMO University became the first to conduct a comprehensive study of the spatio-temporal and spatio-spectral properties of pulsed broadband terahertz Gauss-Bessel beams. This theoretical research looks promising in terms of practical application, as these beams can be used in wireless communications to increase data transfer speed and the number of simultaneously connected devices. The research results were published in the Scientific Reports journal.

  05.03.2018

• Mining Hardware Helps Scientists Gain Insight into Silicon Nanoparticles

  Researchers from ITMO University and their international colleagues have developed the first three-dimensional dynamic model of an interaction between light and silicon nanoparticles. They used a supercomputer with graphic accelerators for the calculations. Results showed that when exposed to short, intense laser pulses, silicon particles temporarily lose their symmetry and their optical properties become strongly heterogeneous. Such a change in properties depends on particle size; therefore it can be used to control light at nanoscale and in ultrafast information processing devices. The study was published in Advanced Optical Materials.

  02.03.2018

• Neural Networks Can Identify Any Person’s Age

  An international group of scientists which included researchers from ITMO University has developed an algorithm that can determine a person’s age, based on their nationality and sex, using an online blood test. Data from more than 120,000 people from Canada, South Korea, and Eastern Europe has been used to identify the key ageing indicators of these populations. Then, they taught neural networks to account for the relevance of particular indicators. This contributed to improving the technique’s precision: for now, the standard deviation is less than six years.

  26.01.2018