Search by tag «Publication» 153 results

• Physicists Discover Way to Control Transitions Between States of Matter

  An international team of physicists has managed for the first time to experimentally observe a transition between two different states of matter: a propagating polariton-soliton and a Bose-Einstein condensate. Furthermore, the researchers developed a theoretical model to explain such transitions and found a way to “switch” between the different states by changing the laser pumping power in the polariton formation process. The results are published in Physical Review Letters.

  24.04.2018

• Physicists Propose New Mechanism of Radio Emission in Neutron Stars

  Young scientists from ITMO University have explained how neutron stars generate intense directed radio emission. They developed a model based on the transitions of particles between gravitational states, i.e. quantum states in gravitational field. The researchers were the first to describe such states for electrons on the surface of neutron stars. Physical parameters obtained with the developed model are consistent with real experimental observations. The results are published in The Astrophysical Journal.

  12.04.2018

• Scientists Invent Method of Catching Bacteria with ‘Photonic Hook’

  An international team of physicists has discovered a new type of curved light beams, dubbed a “photonic hook”. Photonic hooks are unique, as their radius of curvature is two times smaller than their wavelength. This is the first time that such a small curvature radius of electromagnetic waves has been recorded. A photonic hook can be used to improve the resolution of optical scanning systems, as well as to control the movement of nanoparticles, individual cells, viruses or bacteria. Results of this research were published in Optics Letters and Scientific Reports.

  16.03.2018

• ITMO Scientists Study Properties of Terahertz Gauss-Bessel Beams

  Scientists from ITMO University became the first to conduct a comprehensive study of the spatio-temporal and spatio-spectral properties of pulsed broadband terahertz Gauss-Bessel beams. This theoretical research looks promising in terms of practical application, as these beams can be used in wireless communications to increase data transfer speed and the number of simultaneously connected devices. The research results were published in the Scientific Reports journal.

  05.03.2018

• Mining Hardware Helps Scientists Gain Insight into Silicon Nanoparticles

  Researchers from ITMO University and their international colleagues have developed the first three-dimensional dynamic model of an interaction between light and silicon nanoparticles. They used a supercomputer with graphic accelerators for the calculations. Results showed that when exposed to short, intense laser pulses, silicon particles temporarily lose their symmetry and their optical properties become strongly heterogeneous. Such a change in properties depends on particle size; therefore it can be used to control light at nanoscale and in ultrafast information processing devices. The study was published in Advanced Optical Materials.

  02.03.2018

• Neural Networks Can Identify Any Person’s Age

  An international group of scientists which included researchers from ITMO University has developed an algorithm that can determine a person’s age, based on their nationality and sex, using an online blood test. Data from more than 120,000 people from Canada, South Korea, and Eastern Europe has been used to identify the key ageing indicators of these populations. Then, they taught neural networks to account for the relevance of particular indicators. This contributed to improving the technique’s precision: for now, the standard deviation is less than six years.

  26.01.2018

• Scientists Propose New Type Of Terahertz Solid-State Laser

  A team of scientists from ITMO and Vladimir State University have proposed a new type of a solid-state terahertz laser. According to their research, such laser will be more efficient compared to existing devices, as well as allow stepless frequency tuning. In future, the proposed model which is based on the use of gallium-nitride quantum dots can lay the groundwork to creating a compact solid-state source of terahertz radiation that can be effectively applied in medicine, security systems, and other fields. The results were first published in ACS Photonics journal, and a separate review of the research was included in Nature’s “News and Views”.

  11.01.2018

• ITMO Physicists Use Radiofrequency Trap to “Freeze” Nanocrystals

  A group of physicists from ITMO University has developed a system that provides optical cooling to nanocrystals. The system, made up of a radiofrequency trap and a laser light source, decreases the kinetic energy of a nanocrystal and lowers it to its quantum limit, at which new properties emerge. This method may prove useful in fundamental research and studies of biological objects within the framework of quantum mechanics. A research paper was published in the Journal of the Optical Society of America B as an editors’ pick.

  28.12.2017

• Nanoscale Super-Resonator Extends Light Lifetime

  Scientists designed the first subwavelength dielectric resonators for light trapping at nanoscale that appears to be the simple silicon cylinder which is a hundred times thinner than a human hair. Such a structure is capable of trapping light ten times longer than any conventional resonator. Along with a simple shape and small size, this new resonator is a promising basis for the design of powerful nanolasers, biosensors, and various light transmitting devices. The results were published in Physical Review Letters.

  18.12.2017

• New technology allows safe MRI-diagnostics for people with implants

  An international research team has developed a device capable of improving the performance of MRI units. The technology is based on local redistribution of a magnetic field with the help of a metasurface made of metal resonators. It was proven experimentally that the metasurface is capable of reducing the power required to produce high-quality images using an MRI unit. The use of MRI units of lower intensity makes it possible to make MRI diagnostics safe for people with medical implants. The results of this research are published in the latest issue of the Journal of Magnetic Resonance.

  05.12.2017